Joseph Mallord William Turner

Caernarvon Castle with Sailing Boats; Sunset

c.1798–9

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In Tate Britain

Prints and Drawings Room

View by appointment

Artist: Joseph Mallord William Turner 1775–1851
Part of: Academical Sketchbook
Medium
Dimensions: Support: 140 x 216 mm
Collection: Tate
Acquisition: Accepted by the nation as part of the Turner Bequest 1856
Reference: D01860
Turner Bequest XLIII 41 a

Display caption

Turner sketched Caernarfon Castle many times during his visit to Wales in 1798. He was particularly fascinated with the changing effects of light on the water in front of the Castle, as this sketch demonstrates.

Although Turner obviously made this informal drawing very quickly, it still shows a profound debt to the carefully balanced classical landscapes of the seventeenth-century artist Claude Lorraine.

Gallery label, September 2004

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Catalogue entry

In this study for a composition of Caernarvon Castle the building is farther from the viewer than in that on folio 40 verso (Tate D01856; Turner Bequest XLIII 39a); compare the series of composition studies in the contemporary Dolbadarn sketchbook, including Tate D02069 and D02071 (Turner Bequest XLVI 49a, 50a).

With the page turned horizontally, the general layout is closer to the composition of the Picturesque Views in England and Wales watercolour of about 1832 (British Museum, London),1 engraved in 1835 (Tate impressions: T04603, T06112). There the atmospheric effect is of a warm summer evening just after sunset, and a crescent moon rises beyond the castle. In this summary study, Turner may have intended to represent moonlight; that seems to be the case in the very similar studies on folios 43 verso, 44 verso and 45 verso (D01862, D01864, D01866; Turner Bequest XLIII 42a, 43a, 44a).

Andrew Wilton
May 2013

Andrew Wilton, J.M.W. Turner: His Life and Work, Fribourg 1979, p.400 no.857, pl.196.

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