![A split image with a view from a train or car showing electricity pylons on the left and red text on a black background on the right. The text says 'The Best Entertainment Around'.](https://media.tate.org.uk/aztate-prd-ew-dg-wgtail-st1-ctr-data/images/yhchi_zPGTxau.width-340.jpg)
Young-Hae Change Heavy Industries, TEASER 2010
Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries were among the first artists to explore the possibilities of making internet or net art
Following the launch of web browsers in the 1990s, artists began to experiment with the internet as a medium for creating new art experiences. The web allowed artists to exhibit their work without the endorsement of an institution. Then, as now, net art transcended geographical and cultural boundaries, while also challenging prejudice and aesthetic conformity within the art world.
Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries (YHCHI) is a collective consisting of the Korean artist Young-Hae Chang and the North American artist Marc Voge. They make digital text-based works with original music soundtracks. YHCHI draw on concrete or abstract poetry, narrative literature and experimental cinema. Their work explores a wide range of social and political issues, from the excess and futility of the art world, to the dangers of climate change.
For over 20 years, YHCHI’s primary medium was the multimedia software platform ‘Flash’. This software was often used to create web-based animations. The artists have described it as ‘cheap and easy’. The accessibility of Flash resonates with the open unrestricted values of net art. In the words of YHCHI: ‘All you need is your own website and an Internet connection, and you no longer need things like an artists’ studio. You no longer need to be in London.’
YHCHI continue to adapt their work for different contexts, while also responding to shifts in technology. Today these works can be experienced both online and in a gallery setting. The process of conserving and displaying net art is explored as part of Reshaping the Collectible: When Artworks Live in the Museum, an Andrew W. Mellon funded research initiative at Tate.
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79162_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Happy to be Gay 1993
German artist Martin Kippenberger produced this poster in 1993 at a time when the artist was actively involved in raising awareness of the AIDS pandemic in Europe and the United States (for example, Kippenberger participated in the group show Drawing the Line Against AIDS at the AMFAR International in New York in the same year).
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79130_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Anxiety 1989
German artist Martin Kippenberger produced this poster on the occasion of the exhibition Anxiety, staged with fellow artist Markus Oehlen in Innsbruck, Austria, in the summer of 1989.
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79071_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, This Fellow is Playing on Luxus 1979
This poster was produced in 1979 to promote ‘Luxus’, the first single of German artist Martin Kippenberger’s punk band Grugas. The ‘fellow’ depicted is band member Eric Mitchell.
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79073_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, This Woman is Playing on Luxus 1979
This poster was produced in 1979 to promote ‘Luxus’, the first single of German artist Martin Kippenberger’s punk band Grugas. The ‘woman’ depicted is Kippenberger’s fellow band member Christine Hahn.
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79074_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, This Man is Playing on Luxus 1979
This poster was produced in 1979 to promote ‘Luxus’, the first single of German artist Martin Kippenberger’s punk band Grugas. The ‘man’ depicted is Kippenberger.
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79080_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Kippenberger on the Theme of Fucking, Boozing and Selling 1982
This poster was produced on the occasion of an exhibition of works by German artist Martin Kippenberger, held at the Studio F in Ulm, Germany, in 1982.
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79085_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, If You Need One, You Have to Bring One with You 1985
Though prolific as a painter, sculptor, musician and writer, the 178 posters created by German artist Martin Kippenberger throughout his career form a significant body of work. Normally created as screen prints or lithographs in standard advertisement sizes, they were used to promote a wide variety of events from art exhibitions to upcoming parties. From 1986 Kippenberger began to group his posters into folios, though these were united more by date than by similarity of style or function. This work forms part of the first folio, T.Ü., which stands for ‘Title Überflussig’ (Title Unnecessary). Published in 1986 in an edition of sixteen, each folio contained seventeen posters made between 1984 and 1986.
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![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79161_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Candidature for a Retrospective 1993
This poster was one of two designs made by German artist Martin Kippenberger to accompany his exhibition of the same name, held at the Centre Pompidou, Paris, in the summer of 1993 (see also Candidature for a Retrospective 1993, Tate P79160).
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79173_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, The Eggman and his Outriggers 1997
The Eggman and His Outriggers was the title of an exhibition held at the Städtisches Museum Abteiberg in Mönchengladbach, Germany, between February and April 1997, and was Martin Kippenberger’s last exhibition before he died in March that year. Organised around the theme of the egg, the exhibition featured works of art as well as found and collected objects, many of which were displayed in glass vitrines that made reference to the work of another German artist Joseph Beuys (1921–1986).
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Martin Kippenberger, Pop Art Calendar 1991
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![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/T/T16/T16060_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Fred the Frog Rings the Bell 1990
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Martin Kippenberger, The Raft of Medusa 1996
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Martin Kippenberger, Untitled (Invention of a Joke) 1991
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![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79163_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Graphics I 1993
German artist Martin Kippenberger designed this poster on the occasion of an exhibition of graphic work by an international group of artists, staged in Innsbruck, Austria, in 1993. The reversed text reads ‘Es ist ein Segen, daß es uns gibt’ (It is a blessing that we exist), along with letters referring to the countries represented.
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79120_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Nine Reasons to Raise the Prices 1987
This poster was produced to promote a lecture given by Martin Kippenberger and fellow German artist Albert Oehlen at the Art and Design School in Cologne on 9 November 1987. Standing in front of a boat that has run ashore, Oehlen and Kippenberger pose in oversized white underpants, with dressing gowns hanging over their left arms. The scene consciously recreates American photographer David Douglas Duncan’s 1962 photograph of the artist Pablo Picasso wearing similar attire, which became a symbol for Kippenberger of masculinity, the power of artistic fame, and the inevitability of aging (see, for example, I Could Lend You Something, But I Would Not Be Doing You Any Favours 1985, Tate P79090).
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79165_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Matisse’s Studio Sublet to Spiderman 1996
This poster was produced by German artist Martin Kippenberger on the occasion of an exhibition staged at L’Atelier Soardi, Nice, in 1996.
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79072_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, This Guy is playing on Luxus 1979
This poster was produced in 1979 to promote ‘Luxus’, the first single of German artist Martin Kippenberger’s punk band Grugas. The ‘guy’ depicted is fellow band member Akim Schaechtele.
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79155_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Buchholz Schipper 1990
German artist Martin Kippenberger produced this poster in 1990. Daniel Buchholz and Esther Schipper were two dealers and gallery owners active in the Cologne art scene during this period.
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79170_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Please don’t sit on the Pictures 1996
This poster was produced by German artist Martin Kippenberger on the occasion of an exhibition held at Galerie Mikael Anderson, Copenhagen, in 1996.
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79172_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Respective 1997 - 1976 1997
German artist Martin Kippenberger produced this poster on the occasion of his exhibition Respektive, held at the Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art in Geneva, Switzerland, between January and May 1997. Although the show succeeded in presenting a review of his career, and despite the fact that Kippenberger was terminally ill with cancer when the show opened, the artist steadfastly refused to take the notion of his own retrospective seriously: the title is Respective rather than ‘Retrospective’, the dates of his career have been reversed, and the close-up photograph of his face consciously theatrical.
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Martin Kippenberger, Untitled from the Heavy Burschi series 1989
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![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/T/T16/T16064_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Untitled 1989
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![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/T/T16/T16061_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Under the Eiffel Tower in Tokyo Lauwarm 1990
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![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79070_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, This Band is Playing on Luxus 1979
This poster was produced in 1979 to promote ‘Luxus’, the first single of German artist Martin Kippenberger’s punk band Grugas. The four band members appear in the photograph: Kippenberger, Eric Mitchell, Akim Schaechtele and Christine Hahn.
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79159_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Melancholy 1992
This poster was produced by German artist Martin Kippenberger on the occasion of the exhibition Documenta IX in Kassel in 1992.
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
![](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79167_10.jpg)
Martin Kippenberger, Kippenberger / Géricault Memento Metropolis 1996
German artist Martin Kippenberger produced this poster on the occasion of his exhibition of the same name, held at the Hessenhuis in Antwerp, between February and May 1997. The exhibition comprised two parts: in one room Kippenberger reconstructed his 1994 installation The Happy End of Franz Kafka’s America (see Tate P79164), while in another he displayed a series of newly-made paintings and drawings based on Théodore Géricault’s 1819 painting The Raft of the Medusa, together with a copy of the painting made in 1860 by Pierre-Désiré Guillemet and Etienne-Antoine-Eugène Ronjat. Kippenberger’s poster recreates the split nature of the exhibition, showing elongated photographs of the two rooms side by side.
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artworks in Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
Art in this room
![P79162: Happy to be Gay](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79162_10.jpg)
![P79130: Anxiety](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79130_10.jpg)
![P79071: This Fellow is Playing on Luxus](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79071_10.jpg)
![P79073: This Woman is Playing on Luxus](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79073_10.jpg)
![P79074: This Man is Playing on Luxus](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79074_10.jpg)
![P79080: Kippenberger on the Theme of Fucking, Boozing and Selling](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79080_10.jpg)
![P79085: If You Need One, You Have to Bring One with You](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79085_10.jpg)
![P79161: Candidature for a Retrospective](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79161_10.jpg)
![P79173: The Eggman and his Outriggers](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79173_10.jpg)
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![T16060: Fred the Frog Rings the Bell](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/T/T16/T16060_10.jpg)
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![P79163: Graphics I](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79163_10.jpg)
![P79120: Nine Reasons to Raise the Prices](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79120_10.jpg)
![P79165: Matisse’s Studio Sublet to Spiderman](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79165_10.jpg)
![P79072: This Guy is playing on Luxus](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79072_10.jpg)
![P79155: Buchholz Schipper](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79155_10.jpg)
![P79170: Please don’t sit on the Pictures](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79170_10.jpg)
![P79172: Respective 1997 - 1976](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79172_10.jpg)
Sorry, no image available
![T16064: Untitled](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/T/T16/T16064_10.jpg)
![T16061: Under the Eiffel Tower in Tokyo Lauwarm](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/T/T16/T16061_10.jpg)
![P79070: This Band is Playing on Luxus](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79070_10.jpg)
![P79159: Melancholy](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79159_10.jpg)
![P79167: Kippenberger / Géricault Memento Metropolis](https://media.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/P/P79/P79167_10.jpg)
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