Claus Bremer

Bremer thought of his poems as ‘engaged texts’. Viewers needed to be active in the structuring of the poem by moving their eyes or the printed poem itself in order to read it. Bremer was another important promoter of concrete poetry in Germany. As part of the ‘Darmstadt Circle’ of concrete poets, he published a magazine titled MATERIAL between 1957 and 1959. In the group were also Fluxus artists Emmett Williams, an American expatriate, and Daniel Spoerri, a Romanian-born artist involved with the Nouveau Réalisme (New Realism) movement in France.