A Watermill in a Gorge

c.1796–7

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In Tate Britain

Prints and Drawings Room

View by appointment

Artist: Joseph Mallord William Turner 1775–1851
Part of: Collaborations with Thomas Girtin for Dr Monro, and Other Copies
Medium: Gouache, graphite and watercolour on paper
Dimensions: Support: 434 x 563 mm
Collection: Tate
Acquisition: Accepted by the nation as part of the Turner Bequest 1856
Reference: D01910
Turner Bequest XLIV h

Catalogue entry

The sheet may not be directly connected with Turner’s activities at Dr Monro’s, though technically it is close to some of the later work in this group. The subject is evidently a view in southern Europe, probably the Italian Alps, and perhaps copied from a drawing by John Robert Cozens (1752–1797) or John ‘Warwick’ Smith (1749–1831). However, there are features that suggest that this is an original, possibly imaginary, composition of Turner’s own. The pencil work appears to be his; note the summary suggestions of trees on the cliff-top at left, which are not followed in the application of the washes.

Finberg 1 records that the identification of the subject as Arkwright’s Mill was due to the dealer Mummery, but comments: ‘Of course it isn’t Matlock’. Turner had visited Matlock in 1794, and it is possible that he invented this composition with the Derbyshire gorges in mind, although he seems to have intended it as an ‘Italian’ scene, as indicated by the pencil cypresses on the skyline, which are, as just noted, apparently an afterthought.

MS note, Tate catalogue files.

Verso:

Blank; the sheet creased, torn and stained; not stamped.

Andrew Wilton
April 2012

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