Patrick Heron

The painting is an unvarnished oil painting on a commercially prepared lined canvas made by the artists’ cololurman C. Roberson. The canvas is stretched over a four membered stretcher and has been sized using animal glue, followed by a thin white priming layer.

The composition was initially sketched out using a madder crimson paint. These initial fluid and confidant outlines can be seen in the final composition. Madder crimson is a pigment that can be susceptible to fading if exposed to high light levels and so the painting is displayed under carefully controlled conditions. Heron has diluted some of his paints to produce thin washes of colour and in other areas has applied thick buttery paint. Most of the painting has been produced using single layers of bright colour, leaving a fair proportion of the white priming visible as part of the final composition. The artist has also scratched into the dark green paint of the fruit bowl to create some fine lines.

Analysis of the red paint identified the presence of vermilion pigment, with barium sulphate and chalk present as extenders. Analysis of the bright yellow paint identified barium chromate yellow pigment mixed with lead white. The paint was extended using chalk, talc or china clay. Magnesium carbonate was also identified which is suggestive of the use of Winsor & Newton paints.

The painting is in excellent condition with only some minor age cracks and drying cracks. The red paint of the background and bright yellow paint of the jug is water sensitive. Water sensitivity is often observed in unvarnished oil paintings of the twentieth century and is an area of ongoing research (see the Cleaning Modern Oil Paints project). The painting is presented glazed.

Further reading
Anna Cooper, Aviva Burnstock, Klaaas Jan van den Berg and Bronwyn Ormsby, ‘Water-Sensitive Oil Paints in the Twentieth Century: A Study of the Distribution of Water-Soluble Degradation Products in Modern Oil Paint Films’, in Issues in Contemporary Oil Paint, Eds. Klaas Jan van den Berg et al., Cham, 2014, pp.295–310.
Michael McNay, Patrick Heron, London, 2002.

Judith Lee
February 2017

Research on this work was undertaken as part of the Cleaning Modern Oil Paints project.