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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 2001 (details) © Shashi Bikram Shah. Photo © Tate

Shashi Bikram Shah

10 rooms in Media Networks

  • Andy Warhol and Mark Bradford
  • Monsieur Vénus
  • Shashi Bikram Shah
  • You Don't Love Me
  • Guerrilla Girls
  • Cildo Meireles
  • Raimond Chaves
  • Ming Wong
  • Martin Kippenberger
  • Beyond Pop

This display explores civil conflict, mourning and memory in a series of works documenting one of the most significant moments in recent Nepali history

The artworks in this room capture a time of shock, violence and political unrest. Shah created this series of drawings, known as the Royal Massacre Series, in the aftermath of the 2001 assassination of Nepal’s royal family. He used newspaper cuttings to document national mourning. The event escalated the existing civil conflict in the country, ultimately resulting in the abolition of the monarchy and the establishment of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal in 2008.

Each drawing can be looked at from both sides. Articles and portraits of the royal family appear on the front. Obituaries of the king and queen and congratulatory messages for the new king can be seen on the reverse. A portrait of the royal family is repeated throughout the series – this is one of the most reproduced photographs in Nepal. The newspaper clippings are layered with Shah’s expressive drawings and paintings. Hindu motifs and mythological references are blended together with traditional Nepali iconography, exploring themes of grief, politics and spirituality.

The choice of newspaper as a medium is particularly significant. A curfew was put in place in Kathmandu, Nepal’s capital city, and the daily newspaper became the main source of information in the days following the massacre. Delivered to his home, Shah made use of those newspapers to create the artworks. These materials also reflect an important personal connection, as the artist’s family worked for the monarchy for generations and Shah’s father was a paper manufacturer for the government.

The artworks on display are key in Shah’s practice – they are the only ones that incorporate collage and portraiture, as well as drawing and painting on newspaper. Royal Massacre Series is the first body of work by a Nepali artist to enter Tate’s collection.

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 7  2001

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artworks in Shashi Bikram Shah

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 9  2001

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artworks in Shashi Bikram Shah

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 10  2001

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artworks in Shashi Bikram Shah

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 3  2001

In these works, Shah adds a sword in Crown Prince Dipendra’s hand. Following the massacre, a government-led investigation concluded that Dipendra was responsible for killing his own family, before turning the gun on himself. He passed away just three days after being declared king. The original photograph reproduced in these works shows the royal family inside the throne room in Kathmandu’s Narayanhiti Palace. The throne features the Hindu motif of a many-headed snake god. Throughout the Royal Massacre Series, Shah often draws dark snakes surrounding the figures, symbolising danger and betrayal.

Gallery label, February 2026

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artworks in Shashi Bikram Shah

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 4  2001

In these works, Shah adds a sword in Crown Prince Dipendra’s hand. Following the massacre, a government-led investigation concluded that Dipendra was responsible for killing his own family, before turning the gun on himself. He passed away just three days after being declared king. The original photograph reproduced in these works shows the royal family inside the throne room in Kathmandu’s Narayanhiti Palace. The throne features the Hindu motif of a many-headed snake god. Throughout the Royal Massacre Series, Shah often draws dark snakes surrounding the figures, symbolising danger and betrayal.

Gallery label, February 2026

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artworks in Shashi Bikram Shah

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 5  2001

Grieving figures can be seen at the bottom of many works in the series, illustrating the shock and despair felt in Nepal following the massacre. Shah has said that ‘the series is not just about one family. I was thinking deeply about the situation across Nepal. In the early 2000s, there was an ongoing conflict in the country and the Maoist insurgency was very active. People were suffering both at the hands of the Maoists and the government. My drawings contextualise the pain that was unfolding.’

Gallery label, February 2026

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artworks in Shashi Bikram Shah

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 6  2001

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artworks in Shashi Bikram Shah

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 11  2001

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artworks in Shashi Bikram Shah

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 15  2001

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 14  2001

Here, Shah combines the faces of King Birendra and Queen Ayshwaryato to portray the Hindu god Vishnu in his androgynous form, the Vaikuntha-Kamalaja. This form represents the oneness with his female consort Lakshmi. The artist also draws inspiration from the Dashavatar, Vishnu’s ten incarnations who descend to Earth to restore order during times of crisis. Some of these incarnations – the fish, the tortoise, the boar and the half-lion – can be seen near the Vishnu figure. Shah’s expressive linework and exaggerated shapes speak to his past experience as a caricaturist for a local newspaper.

Gallery label, February 2026

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artworks in Shashi Bikram Shah

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 1  2001

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artworks in Shashi Bikram Shah

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 12  2001

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artworks in Shashi Bikram Shah

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 13  2001

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artworks in Shashi Bikram Shah

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Shashi Bikram Shah, Royal Massacre Series 8  2001

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Art in this room

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Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 7 2001

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Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 9 2001

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Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 10 2001

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Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 3 2001

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Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 4 2001

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Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 5 2001

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Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 6 2001

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Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 11 2001

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Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 15 2001

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Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 14 2001
T16279: Royal Massacre Series 1
Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 1 2001

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Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 12 2001

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Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 13 2001

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Shashi Bikram Shah Royal Massacre Series 8 2001

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